La rehabilitación de la memoria en la enfermedad de alzheimer: una interpretación de la mnemotécnica visual.
Resumen
En las últimas tres décadas, la rehabilitación cognitiva ha adquirido una importancia creciente en diversos campos de la investigación. En el caso específico de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA), la estimulación de la memoria, basada en las mnemotécnicas visuales, a pesar de su eficacia en jóvenes y ancianos no patológicos, no ha logrado alcanzar el máximo potencial. El objetivo principal de este estudio ha sido proponer una reinterpretación de las clásicas mnemotécnicas visuales, mediante una segunda codificación de las informaciones fundamentada en los principios lingüísticos de coherencia, cohesión y ritmo, y en la construcción de frases sencillas: sujeto, verbo y complemento (SVC), con la finalidad de superar las limitaciones intrínsecas a las mnemotécnicas visuales y la misma EA.
Método: se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica internacional en las bases de datos de PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, de los últimos treinta años.
Conclusiones: para que las mnemotécnicas visuales sigan teniendo beneficios en la EA es necesario utilizar las imágenes en el proceso de adquisición y codificación de las informaciones, para después realizar una segunda codificación mediante los principios lingüísticos de coherencia, cohesión y ritmo, construyendo frases sencillas para la consolidación a largo plazo (sentence context).
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